Tools on LingHui 的技术笔记https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/Recent content in Tools on LingHui 的技术笔记Hugozh-cnTue, 20 Oct 2026 22:09:51 -0400<link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/deploy/https/</link><pubDate>Tue, 20 Oct 2026 22:09:51 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/deploy/https/</guid><description><h1 id="https-配置">HTTPS 配置</h1> <h2 id="配置https">配置HTTPS</h2> <h3 id="安装-certbot">安装 Certbot：</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo apt update </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo apt install -y snapd </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo snap install core </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo snap refresh core </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo snap install --classic certbot </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/local/bin/certbot </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="申请证书并自动配置-nginx">申请证书并自动配置 Nginx：</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo certbot --nginx -d note.plhwiki.cn </span></span></code></pre></div><p>旧域名 <code>plhwiki.cn</code>、<code>www.plhwiki.cn</code> 的证书仍然保留，用于把 HTTPS 访问 301 跳转到 <code>note.plhwiki.cn</code>。</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/</guid><description><h1 id="cmake-学习笔记">CMake 学习笔记</h1> <p><strong>目录</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8">快速入门</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#cmake-%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86">CMake 工作原理</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac-cmake%e6%ba%90%e7%a0%81%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91">安装指定版本 CMake（源码编译）</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#out-of-source-%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e8%a7%84%e8%8c%83">out-of-source 构建规范</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa-cmakeliststxt">第一个 CMakeLists.txt</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e4%b8%8e%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6">变量与流程控制</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8">变量使用</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e8%b7%af%e5%be%84%e7%9b%b8%e5%85%b3%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f">路径相关变量</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#cmake-%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f">CMake 自带变量</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#if-%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6">if 流程控制</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#cache-%e7%bc%93%e5%ad%98%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f">cache 缓存变量</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#include-%e7%94%a8%e6%b3%95">include 用法</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e6%8b%ac%e5%8f%b7%e6%b3%a8%e9%87%8a">括号注释</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7">属性</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%8e%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97">构建配置与日志</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e4%b8%8e-c-%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86">编译类型与 C++ 标准</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e8%bf%bd%e5%8a%a0%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e9%80%89%e9%a1%b9">追加编译选项</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e6%94%b6%e9%9b%86%e6%ba%90%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6">收集源文件</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e8%b7%af%e5%be%84%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae">输出路径设置</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90-compile_commandsjson">生成 compile_commands.json</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%88%86%e6%ad%a5%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e4%b8%8e%e6%b8%85%e7%90%86%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a-target">分步编译与清理指定 target</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e8%b0%83%e8%af%95%e6%89%93%e5%8d%b0%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e7%9a%84%e5%85%b7%e4%bd%93%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4">调试：打印生成的具体指令</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#message-%e7%94%a8%e6%b3%95">message 用法</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#target-%e4%b8%8e%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86">Target 与依赖管理</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#add_library%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e5%ba%93%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87">add_library（创建库目标）</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e5%a4%96%e9%83%a8%e5%ba%93imported">导入外部库：IMPORTED</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#target_include_directories">target_include_directories</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#target_link_libraries%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e4%bc%a0%e6%92%ad">target_link_libraries（依赖传播）</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e9%93%be%e6%8e%a5%e9%a2%84%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e7%9a%84%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e6%96%b9%e5%ba%93a--so">链接预编译的第三方库（.a / .so）</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#set_target_properties">set_target_properties</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#find_package-%e4%b8%8e%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87">find_package 与导入目标</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e5%99%a8%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80">生成器表达式基础</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#install">install</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e4%ba%a4%e5%8f%89%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e4%b8%8e-toolchain">交叉编译与 Toolchain</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#cmake-toolchain-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6">CMake toolchain 文件</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#makefile-%e4%ba%a4%e5%8f%89%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e8%a6%81%e7%82%b9">Makefile 交叉编译要点</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#pkg-config-%e4%ba%a4%e5%8f%89%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91">pkg-config 交叉编译</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e4%ba%a7%e7%89%a9%e6%a0%a1%e9%aa%8c">产物校验</a></li> <li><a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/cmake/#%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e9%93%be%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84">工具链目录结构</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2 id="快速入门">快速入门</h2> <h3 id="cmake-工作原理">CMake 工作原理</h3> <p><img src="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/assets/image-20241217185914285.png" alt="CMake 生成构建文件并调用构建工具的流程图" loading="lazy"> </p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/makefile/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/makefile/</guid><description><h1 id="make">Make</h1> <blockquote> <p>面向 Linux / C/C++ / 交叉编译（ARM、MIPS uClibc 工具链）的构建笔记。</p> </blockquote> <h2 id="make-基础概念">Make 基础概念</h2> <p>Make 通过比较**目标（target）与其依赖（prerequisite）的修改时间（mtime）**决定是否重建：只要任一依赖比目标新，就执行该目标的命令，并沿依赖图递归向上。</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/asan/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/asan/</guid><description><h1 id="内存错误检查">内存错误检查</h1> <h2 id="addresssanitizerasan">AddressSanitizer（ASan）</h2> <p>下面日志中的 <code>heap-buffer-overflow</code> 是堆缓冲区越界写，不是内存泄漏。ASan 主要检测越界、释放后使用等错误；泄漏检测由 LeakSanitizer 提供，在部分平台可与 ASan 集成。</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span class="line"><span class="cl">g++ -fsanitize<span class="o">=</span>address -o test_asan memory.cpp -g </span></span></code></pre></div><pre tabindex="0"><code>plh@plh-virtual-machine:~/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List$ ./test_asan ================================================================= ==12293==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x602000000018 at pc 0x5578e1a712ff bp 0x7ffe0f40ead0 sp 0x7ffe0f40eac0 WRITE of size 4 at 0x602000000018 thread T0 #0 0x5578e1a712fe in func() /home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/memory.cpp:6 #1 0x5578e1a71314 in main /home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/memory.cpp:11 #2 0x7fdbb00f2082 in __libc_start_main ../csu/libc-start.c:308 #3 0x5578e1a711ad in _start (/home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/test_asan+0x11ad) 0x602000000018 is located 4 bytes to the right of 4-byte region [0x602000000010,0x602000000014) allocated by thread T0 here: #0 0x7fdbb071b587 in operator new(unsigned long) ../../../../src/libsanitizer/asan/asan_new_delete.cc:104 #1 0x5578e1a7127e in func() /home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/memory.cpp:5 #2 0x5578e1a71314 in main /home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/memory.cpp:11 #3 0x7fdbb00f2082 in __libc_start_main ../csu/libc-start.c:308 SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow /home/plh/work/MyProject/c++/plh/DataStructrues/1.linear_List/memory.cpp:6 in func() Shadow bytes around the buggy address: 0x0c047fff7fb0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7fc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7fd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7fe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7ff0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 =&gt;0x0c047fff8000: fa fa 04[fa]fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8010: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8020: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8030: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8040: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8050: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes): Addressable: 00 Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Heap left redzone: fa Freed heap region: fd Stack left redzone: f1 Stack mid redzone: f2 Stack right redzone: f3 Stack after return: f5 Stack use after scope: f8 Global redzone: f9 Global init order: f6 Poisoned by user: f7 Container overflow: fc Array cookie: ac Intra object redzone: bb ASan internal: fe Left alloca redzone: ca Right alloca redzone: cb Shadow gap: cc ==12293==ABORTING </code></pre></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/gdb/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/gdb/</guid><description><h1 id="gdb调试">gdb调试</h1> <p>问题：</p> <pre tabindex="0"><code>arm-mol-linux-uclibcgnueabihf-gdb: loadlocale.c:130: _nl_intern_locale_data: Assertion `cnt &lt; (sizeof (_nl_value_type_LC_TIME) / sizeof (_nl_value_type_LC_TIME[0]))&#39; failed. Aborted (core dumped) </code></pre><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span class="line"><span class="cl">在运行GDB前临时修改locale环境变量，可以有效避免此问题： </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">LC_ALL</span><span class="o">=</span>C </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">LANG</span><span class="o">=</span>C </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>在启动 gdb 时传递参数</strong></p> <p>使用 <code>--args</code> 选项启动 gdb</p> <pre tabindex="0"><code>gdb --args ./main 10001 /home/meian/work/MyProject/study/reator/reatorHttp/readme/ </code></pre><p><strong>在 gdb 内部设置参数</strong></p> <p>启动 gdb 后，使用 <code>set args</code> 命令设置参数，然后运行</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/docker/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/docker/</guid><description><h1 id="docker">Docker</h1> <h2 id="配置">配置</h2> <h3 id="国内镜像">国内镜像</h3> <p>在Docker daemon 的全局配置文件<code> /etc/docker/daemon.json</code>写入：</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nt">&#34;registry-mirrors&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com&#34;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p>配置完重启docker <code>sudo systemctl restart docker</code></p> <h2 id="docker的client">Docker的client</h2> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">你输入命令 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker pull nginx </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Docker CLI </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">/usr/bin/docker </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ /var/run/docker.sock </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Docker daemon </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">dockerd </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ 读取 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">/etc/docker/daemon.json </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Registry Mirror </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> │ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">腾讯云镜像站 </span></span></code></pre></div><h1 id="常用命令">常用命令</h1> <h2 id="镜像类">镜像类</h2> <h3 id="查看镜像">查看镜像</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker images </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="拉取镜像">拉取镜像</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker pull </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker pull mysql <span class="c1"># 未指定标签时使用 latest；latest 是普通标签，不保证代表最新发布版本</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="运行镜像">运行镜像</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker run </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker run tomcat </span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="容器类">容器类</h2> <h3 id="查看正在运行的容器">查看正在运行的容器</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker ps </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker ps -a <span class="c1"># 查看所有容器</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">#加格式化方式访问，格式会更加清爽</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker ps --format <span class="s2">&#34;table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}&#34;</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="停止容器">停止容器</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker stop 容器名 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker stop nginx </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="启动容器">启动容器</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker start 容器名 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker start nginx </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker restart 容器名 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker restart nginx </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="删除容器">删除容器</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">#删除一个</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker rm 容器ID </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker rm nginx </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker rm -f 容器ID <span class="c1">#强制删除</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker rm -f nginx </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">#删除多个</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker rm -f <span class="k">$(</span>docker ps -a -q<span class="k">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">或 </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">docker ps -a -q <span class="p">|</span> xargs docker rm </span></span></code></pre></div><p>参考：<a href="https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/pull/">docker image pull</a>。</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/git/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 20:01:02 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/git/</guid><description><p>相关笔记：<a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/gdb/">GDB 调试</a>、<a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/debug/asan/">ASan 内存检查</a>、<a href="https://note.plhwiki.cn/reference/%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90/">学习资源</a>。</p> <h1 id="git">Git</h1> <p><a href="https://learngitbranching.js.org/?locale=zh_CN">https://learngitbranching.js.org/?locale=zh_CN</a></p> <p><img src="https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/assets/image-20240111143435610.png" alt="image-20240111143435610" loading="lazy"> </p> <hr> <h2 id="git的三个区域">Git的三个区域</h2> <p>Git 的文件有三种状态区域：</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>区域</th> <th>命令</th> <th>说明</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>工作区 (Working Directory)</strong></td> <td>你编辑的实际文件</td> <td>改动还没 <code>add</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>暂存区 (Staging Area/index)</strong></td> <td>用 <code>git add</code> 后进入这里</td> <td>等待被 <code>commit</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>本地仓库 (Repository)</strong></td> <td>用 <code>git commit</code> 后进入这里</td> <td>已经记录在历史中</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>对应命令区别：</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%99%A8/</link><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 08:00:23 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://note.plhwiki.cn/tools/build/%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%99%A8/</guid><description><p>现代编译器通常采用“三段式”架构，分为：<strong>前端（Frontend）、中端（Optimizer，优化器）和后端（Backend，代码生成器）</strong>。前端的任务是把程序员编写的、具备特定语法的高级语言源代码（如 C++、Java、Python），翻译成一种与具体硬件平台无关的<strong>中间表示（IR，Intermediate Representation）</strong>，同时检查代码中的语法和语义错误。</p></description></item></channel></rss>